database-fundamentals
Database Fundamentals guides code review of schemas, queries, and migrations across SQL and NoSQL systems. It surfaces common pitfalls like N+1 queries, missing indexes, and unsafe string concatenation, while providing checklists for normalization, data types, and reversible migrations.
Database Fundamentals reviews schema design, queries, and migrations to catch normalization issues, missing indexes, and N+1 problems.
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Decision gist · record as of 2026-06-27
Database Fundamentals reviews schema design, queries, and migrations to catch normalization issues, missing indexes, and N+1 problems. Database Fundamentals guides code review of schemas, queries, and migrations across SQL and NoSQL systems. It surfaces common pitfalls like N+1 queries, missing indexes, and unsafe string concatenation, while providing checklists for normalization, data types, and reversible migrations.
Use it when
- Database Fundamentals identifies N+1 query problems by analyzing how your code fetches related data.
- Database Fundamentals teaches SQL injection prevention by enforcing parameterized queries—separating SQL code from user input so attackers.
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Frequently asked questions
AI-generated answers based on this skill's SKILL.md and metadata
What does database-fundamentals cover in schema review?
Database Fundamentals guides you through schema design review by checking normalization, primary and foreign keys, and data types. It helps ensure your tables follow proper structure, relationships are correctly defined, and columns use appropriate types for their data. This foundation prevents future scaling issues and data integrity problems.
How can I avoid N+1 queries in my application?
Database Fundamentals identifies N+1 query problems by analyzing how your code fetches related data. Common solutions include eager loading (fetching all related records upfront), batch queries, or restructuring your ORM calls. The skill helps you spot where loops trigger repeated queries and recommends fixes for Prisma, MongoDB, and other ORMs.
What is SQL injection prevention with parameterized queries?
Database Fundamentals teaches SQL injection prevention by enforcing parameterized queries—separating SQL code from user input so attackers cannot manipulate your statements. It flags unsafe string concatenation and shows how to use placeholders and bound parameters. This is critical for any application accepting user data.
What database indexing strategy should I use for my queries?
Database Fundamentals evaluates your index strategy by analyzing query patterns and recommending where indexes help most. It covers single-column indexes, composite indexes for multi-column queries, and when indexing hurts write performance. Proper indexing dramatically improves SELECT speed without changing your code.
How do I ensure database migrations are reversible and safe?
Database Fundamentals checks that your migrations are reversible and prevent data loss. It verifies up/down steps are paired, destructive changes are avoided or backed up, and rollback paths exist. Safe migrations let you deploy confidently and recover quickly if issues arise in production.
What are common database anti-patterns and mistakes to avoid?
Database Fundamentals surfaces anti-patterns like SELECT *, missing foreign keys, denormalization without justification, and pagination without indexes on large datasets. It provides a junior developer guide to schema design, helping you recognize pitfalls early and follow best practices for normalization, eager/lazy loading, and EXPLAIN analysis.
SKILL.md
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Database Fundamentals Review
> "Your database is the foundation. Build it wrong, and everything above it will crack."
When to Apply
Activate this skill when reviewing: - Schema design and migrations - SQL/NoSQL queries - ORM model definitions - Data relationships - Index creation - Query performance
Review Checklist
Schema Design
- [ ] Normalization: Is data normalized appropriately (no excessive duplication)?
- [ ] Denormalization justified: If denormalized, is there a performance reason?
- [ ] Primary keys: Does every table have a clear primary key?
- [ ] Foreign keys: Are relationships enforced at the database level?
- [ ] Data types: Are appropriate types used (not everything TEXT)?
Indexes
- [ ] Query-based: Are indexes created for frequently queried columns?
- [ ] Composite indexes: Are multi-column queries covered?
- [ ] Not over-indexed: Are there unnecessary indexes
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